The of the accident was a piece of foam separating from the external tank moments after liftoff and striking the leading edge of the orbiter's left wing, puncturing one of the reinforced carbon-carbon RCC panels that covered the wing edge and protected it during reentry.
I think NASA feels that reaching Mars is of such overwhelming historical significance that it must persevere, no matter what the obstacles.
Space Shuttle Tail Fin, Photo Courtesy NASA Once the mission was completed, the orbital maneuvering system engines were fired to slow the Orbiter in what is called the deorbit burn, or deorbit maneuver.